Major strides in improving the performance of CQD solar cells have been achieved through increasing the carrier diffusion length ( L D), which provides improved charge extraction efficiency 14, 16, 17. In solar cells, improvements in synthesis 12, surface passivation 13, 14, and device architecture 6, 15 have enabled advances in power conversion efficiency (PCE), which has now reached certified values of 12% in single-junction solar cells 16.
The understanding and manipulation of these properties has triggered continued progress in the performance of CQD devices. The broad tunability of their optical and electrical properties through size 9, 10 and surface chemistry modification 6, 11 enables bottom-up design for function and performance. Nature Communications volume 11, Article number: 103 ( 2020)Ĭolloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted intense attention for optoelectronic applications, including light-emitting diodes 1, 2, photodetectors 3, 4, lasers 5, and photovoltaic devices 6, 7, 8. Cascade surface modification of colloidal quantum dot inks enables efficient bulk homojunction photovoltaics
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